Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common. According to UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) annual data, 401,800 STI diagnoses were recorded in 2023, which is an increase of 4.7% when compared with 2022. However, these figures only show a partial image of the prevalence of STIs in the UK.
The actual number of new STIs – as well as those living with STIs without a diagnosis – is likely much higher. This is due to several reasons:
- Symptoms can vary from person to person, and those with very mild or intermittent symptoms may not get checked
- Some people may find STI testing embarrassing or anxiety-inducing, so they might avoid testing
- In many communities, a taboo exists around STIs, which can be a barrier to testing
- Symptoms of specific STIs can crossover with those of other STIs, as well as other conditions, which means that they can be misdiagnosed without testing
However, perhaps one of the most significant factors in unreported and undiagnosed STIs is a lack of symptoms. Mr Alex Steshenko, Consultant Gynaecologist at The Gynae Centre, explains, “Some STIs can be completely symptomless, which means that they can be spread from person to person without the carrier knowing that they are infected. This is why it is crucial to get tested for STIs regularly, particularly every time you change sexual partners.”
Can you tell if someone has an STI?
The short answer is no. There is no reliable way to tell whether someone has an STI simply by looking at them or judging how they feel. Many infections cause no immediate symptoms at all, or symptoms so mild that they are overlooked. This is why STIs are often known as “the silent epidemic”. Someone can feel perfectly well, have no visible signs of infection, and still pass an STI to a partner. Or they may assume mild irritation or discharge is due to a reaction to shaving, laundry detergent, or stress when, in fact, an infection is present.
This is where regular testing becomes a vital part of sexual health. Symptom-free doesn’t mean STI-free – and relying on symptoms alone leaves people vulnerable to long-term complications, including infertility, chronic pain, and increased risk of future infections.
At The Gynae Centre, discreet same-day appointments with leading gynaecologists make it easy to stay on top of your sexual health. With no long waits, clear explanations, and a supportive approach, testing is straightforward and private from start to finish.
Can STIs be transmitted through kissing?
Some STIs can be transmitted through kissing. While many STIs require sexual contact involving genital fluids, others can be passed through close skin-to-skin contact – including kissing. These include:
- Herpes (HSV-1 and HSV-2): Oral herpes (primarily associated with HSV-1) is commonly spread through kissing, even when a cold sore is not visible. HSV-2 is usually associated with genital herpes, but both HSV-1 and HSV-2 can infect both the mouth and genitals.
- Syphilis: Though less common, syphilis can transmit through oral contact if a sore (chancre) is present in or around the mouth.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV): While usually spread through genital contact, certain strains can technically pass through oral contact, though this is less frequent and the primary mode of HPV transmission is through sexual contact.
If you have any concerns after a new sexual encounter involving kissing or oral sex, a private assessment at The Gynae Centre can provide reassurance quickly.
Types of STIs and treatments
Below is a clear overview of common STIs, how they behave, and what treatments are available. Several of these may cause no symptoms at all.
Curable STIs
Bacterial and parasitic STIs
These infections are caused by bacteria or parasites and can usually be cured fully with antibiotics or antimicrobial medication.
- Chlamydia: Often symptomless, particularly in women. Treated with antibiotics.
- Gonorrhoea: Increasingly common; may cause discharge or pain, but often presents without symptoms. Treated with antibiotics.
- Syphilis: Early stages can be subtle or unnoticed. Treated with penicillin.
- Trichomoniasis: A parasitic STI that can be entirely symptomless. Treated with oral medication.
Manageable STIs
Viral STIs
These cannot be cured outright, but modern treatments can control the virus and significantly reduce symptoms and transmission risk.
- Herpes (HSV-1 and HSV-2): May cause recurrent irritation or blisters, but many people never experience noticeable symptoms. Antiviral medication helps manage outbreaks when they do happen, as well as reduce transmission.
- HIV: Modern antiretroviral therapy allows people to live long, healthy lives with HIV. When viral load is suppressed, transmission becomes extremely unlikely.
- Hepatitis B and C: Hepatitis B often shows no symptoms in the early stages; vaccinations are available. Hepatitis C is highly treatable today with short courses of antiviral tablets.
- Genital warts: Caused by specific strains of HPV, genital warts can appear as small bumps but may also be completely invisible. Treatment focuses on removing warts through topical therapies or procedures, and your consultant will guide you on the best option.
Other STIs that may be symptomless
A number of less commonly discussed infections can also present without symptoms, including:
- Mycoplasma genitalium (Mgen): A bacterial STI that can cause pelvic discomfort but is frequently silent.
- Ureaplasma: May be symptomless but can contribute to genital irritation or urinary issues.
Testing is therefore essential even if you feel completely well.
Private STI testing in London
With discreet appointments at times that suit you, your privacy will be protected at The Gynae Centre. We offer little-to-no waiting times, and provide fast-accurate results, helping you take control of your sexual health quickly.
Our tests and treatments are carried out by world-class gynaecologists who provide expert and empathetic care, ensuring you’ll be listened to, reassured and supported throughout.
To book an appointment, you can use our simple online booking system, or call 020 7580 8090 to speak to one of our friendly admin team members in person.
